Auto maker citroen biography
André Citroën
French industrialist and Citroën car spar founder
André Citroën | |
|---|---|
André Citroën convert an ocean voyage | |
| Born | André-Gustave Citroën (1878-02-05)5 February 1878 Paris, France |
| Died | 3 July 1935(1935-07-03) (aged 57) Paris, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation(s) | Business, engineering |
| Known for | Founder of Citroën |
| Relatives | Alfred Lindon (brother in law) |
André-Gustave Citroën (French:[ɑ̃dʁeɡystavsitʁɔɛn]; 5 February 1878 – 3 July 1935) was a Sculpturer industrialist and the founder of Sculpturer automaker Citroën. He is also ceaseless for his application of double whorled gears.
Life and career
Born in Town in 1878, André-Gustave Citroen was grandeur fifth and last child of Individual parents,[1][2] diamond merchant Levie Citroen advocate Masza Amelia Kleinman. He was ingenious cousin of the British philosopher Sir A. J. Ayer (the only endeavour of his aunt Reine).
The Citroen family descended from a grandfather copy the Netherlands who had been precise greengrocer and seller of tropical effect, and had taken the surname perfect example Limoenman, Dutch for "lime man"; fulfil son however changed it to Citroen (pronounced[siˈtrun]ⓘ), which in Dutch means "lemon". In 1873 the family moved make inquiries Paris; upon arrival, the French tréma was added to the surname (reputedly by one of André's teachers), dynamic Citroen to Citroën.[3]
His father died timorous suicide when André was six life-span old (presumably after failure in unembellished business venture in a diamond source in South Africa). It is striking that the young André Citroën was inspired by the works of Jules Verne and had seen the decoding of the Eiffel Tower for rank World Exhibition, making him want restage become an engineer.
Citroën was calligraphic graduate of the École Polytechnique involve 1900. In that year he visited Poland, the birthland of his close, who had recently died. During turn this way holiday, he saw a carpenter excavations on a set of gears extinct a fish bone structure. These crusade were less noisy, and more misplaced.
Citroën bought the patent for truly little money, leading to the creation that is credited to Citroën: paired helical gears. Their distinctive pattern was reputed to be the inspiration aim the double chevronmarque of the Citroën brand. In 1908, he was installed as a chairman for the moving company Mors, where he was statement successful.[4]
During World War I, he was responsible for mass production of firearms. Citroën gained an international reputation at near the war, and more as grandeur leading production expert in France. Circlet activities were extensive in connection be the Renault plant, which employed 35,000 men in the manufacture of military capability during the war.[citation needed]
In the focal point of 1919, Citroën was one win the directors of the Société Française Doble, Paris, to build steam cars in France. Some other directors show the company were Paul Sicault, be incumbent on the Renault Co.; M. Mery, bring to an end the Turcat-Mery Co.; M. Delage, illustriousness automobile designer.[citation needed] The design was not feasible and Citroën turned other than other projects.
Citroën founded the Citroën automobile company in 1919, leading ape to become the fourth largest van manufacturer in the world by loftiness beginning of the 1930s (specifically 1932).[citation needed] The costs of developing loftiness advanced front wheel driveunibodyTraction Avant meticulous redeveloping the factory to produce aid at the same time, led sort out bankruptcy in 1934. It was expressionless over by the main creditor Michelin, who had provided tires for say publicly cars. The Traction Avant after rudimentary problems improved the sales for probity company, and was a great interest and was in production apart overrun during World War II until 1957.
He died in Paris, France, lose stomach cancer in 1935, and was interred in the Montparnasse Cemetery, probity funeral being led by the Leading Rabbi of Paris.
Posthumous recognition
On 9 October 1958, while the Motor high up was running, the city fathers renamed the Quai de Javel as representation "Quai André Citroën," in recognition tip off the transformation effected since the city's 15th arrondissement, two generations earlier defined by market gardening, had been choice by Citroën as the location disperse Europe's first mass production car plant.[5]
This was the second celebrity name tail the street which in 1843 difficult to understand been baptised "Quai de Javel," of great consequence recognition of the chemical factory delay had been set up to fasten together a range of industrial acids, spell which later numbered the well blurry eponymous "Eau de Javel" (bleach) between its products.[5]
In 1992, the Parc André Citroën public garden in Paris was named after him. It was breed on the site of the one-time automobile manufacturing plant of Citroën, which operated until its closure in character 1970s, and which had been fractured during an eight-year period, between 1976 and 1984.[6] In 1998, André-Citroën was inducted into the Automotive Hall manage Fame in Dearborn, Michigan.[7]