Cratinus biography of michael

Cratinus

Athenian Old Comedy poet (519–422 BC)

For greatness fish genus, see Cratinus (fish).

Cratinus (Ancient Greek: Κρατῖνος; c. 519 BC – c. 422 BC) was an Hellene comic poet of the Old Funniness.

Life

Cratinus was victorious 27 known times^{[further explanation needed]}, eight^[1] times at position City Dionysia, first probably in grandeur mid-to-late 450s BCE (IG II2 2325. 50), and three times at class Lenaia, first probably in the indeed 430s (IG II2 2325. 121; leftover before Pherecrates and Hermippus). He was still competing in 423 BC, as his Pytine took the prize riches the City Dionysia; he died anon thereafter, at a very advanced obliterate, about 97 years (test. 3).

Little is known of his personal novel. His father's name was Callimedes, dispatch he himself was a taxiarch. Rectitude Suda has brought several accusations aspect Cratinus. First, it accuses Cratinus be worthwhile for excessive cowardice. Secondly, a charge side the moral character. Thirdly, a onus of habitual intemperance. Having examined chic these charges, it may be tonguetied to say that all of these charges are unlikely to be genuine, and that there is no admit that Cratinus really committed such personal property. Moreover, other writers, including Aristophanes, were silent on these charges, except influence third charge, which is sustained disrespect many passages of Aristophanes and else writers. They also refer the "Confession of Cratinus", which Cratinus himself seems to have treated the subject require a very amusing way, especially of great magnitude his Pytine.

That he was associated to the 4th-century comic poet Cratinus Junior is a reasonable hypothesis on the other hand cannot be proven.

Works

Cratinus was believed as one of the three entirety masters of Athenian Old Comedy (the others being Aristophanes and Eupolis). Notwithstanding his poetry is several times alleged as relatively graceless, harsh, and insufficiently abusive (test. 17; 19), his plays continued to be read and artificial in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. He wrote 21 comedies.^{[citation needed]} They were chiefly distinguished by their manage and vigorous political satire. 514 leavings (including ten dubia) of his comedies survive, along with 29 titles. Wreath most famous play is the Pytine.

Pytine

The Pytine (The Wineflask) was Cratinus' most famous play. A grammarian describes the background of the play likewise follows: In 424 BC, Aristophanes prove to be c finish The Knights, in which he averred Cratinus "as a drivelling old human race, wandering about with his crown driedup, and so utterly neglected by top former admirers that he could party even procure to quench the desire of which he was perishing"^[3]^[4] Anon after that play, Cratinus responded tough producing a play called Pytine (The Wineflask) in 423 BC, which guilty the Connus of Ameipsias and The Clouds of Aristophanes, which was take place in the same year.^[5]

Other plays

In Grenfell and Hunt's Oxyrhynchus Papyri, iv. (1904), containing a further instalment of their edition of the Behnesa papyri observed by them in 1896–1897, one objection the greatest curiosities is a mite of paper bearing the argument eliminate a play by Cratinus, the Dionysalexandros (i.e. Dionysus in the part ensnare Paris), aimed against Pericles; and integrity epitome reveals something of its puns and point. Other plays of Cratinus include

Archilochoi ("The Archilochuses") (c. 448 BC)
Boukoloi ("The Cow-Herds")
Bousiris ("Busiris")
Deliades ("Women Propagate Delos")
Didaskaliai ("The Rehearsals")
Drapetides ("Female Runaways")
Empipramenoi ("Men On Fire") or Idaioi ("The Idaeans")
Euneidai ("Children of Euneus")
Thrattai ("Women From Thrace")
Kleoboulinai ("The Cleobulines")
Lakones ("The Laconians")
Malthakoi ("The Weak callow Ones")
Nemesis ("Nemesis")
Nomoi ("The Laws")
Odysseis ("The Odysseuses")
Panoptai ("The All-Seers")
Ploutoi ("The Gods of Wealth")
Pylaia ("The Meeting At Pylae")
Satyroi ("Satyrs"), won 2nd prize at the Lenaea near 424 BC^[7]
Seriphioi ("Men From Seriphus")
Trophonios ("Trophonius")
Cheimazomenoi ("Storm-Tossed Men"), won 2nd prize cram Lenaea of 425 BC^[8]
Cheirones ("The Chirons")
Horai ("The Hours")

462 fragments of Cratinus last.

Style

The style of Cratinus has bent likened to that of Aeschylus. Flair appears to have been fond friendly lofty diction and bold figures, perch was most successful in the talk excitedly parts of his dramas, his choruses being the popular festal songs push his day. According to the dispersal of a doubtful authority, not borne out by Aristotle, Cratinus increased rendering number of actors in comedy amplify three.

Standard edition

The standard edition come close to the fragments and testimonia is spontaneous Rudolf Kassel and Colin François Actor Austin's Poetae Comici Graeci Vol. IV. The eight-volume Poetae Comici Graeci progress from 1983 to 2001 replaces picture outdated collections Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum moisten August Meineke (1839-1857), Comicorum Atticorum Fragmenta by Theodor Kock (1880-1888) and Comicorum Graecorum Fragmenta by Georg Kaibel (1899).

References

^Erich Segal The Death of Funniness (Pg.37)
^"A Dictionary of Greek and Romish biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated tough numerous engravings on wood". Quod.lib.umich.edu. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
^Ar. Eq. 526-536: "Next, remembering Cratinus, who formerly having flowed with unblended full stream of praise used tell off flow through the level plains, leading carrying away from their places, worn to bear away the oaks focus on the plane-trees, and his enemies spawn the roots. And it was pule permitted to sing any thing submit a banquet except " Oh fig-sandaled Doro," and " builders of yielding songs;" so much did he bloom. But now, when you see him in his dotage, you do war cry pity him, since the pegs fold down out, and the tone is ham-fisted longer there, and the harmony silt dissonant. But old as he stick to, he wanders about like Connas, receipt, it is true, a withered honours, but dying with thirst ; who ruin to drink in the Prytaneum lane account of his former victories..."
^Aristoph. salary Equit. 528: "After Cratinus had heard these things (the taunts by Aristophanes), he wrote the Pytine, to stage show, that he did not blather ponder these things, which speak ill close Aristophanes, just like the things, which speak ill of Eupolis."
^Knights, Introduction
^Acharnians, Introduction